Vedic Literature

Veda literature

The word Vedas is derived from the word “vid” which means (to know), and the veda means Knowledge.

The Hinduism Vedas are seen and considered as sacred and revered, and these are titled as “Apurushya” which mean, not made by men and these Vedas are also regarded as Nitya which means eternal, these Vedas are composed by Seers, Women’s and even shudras too.

Vedas are regarded as very pure, and no one is allowed to alter or change, and not even anybody modify them.

The Vedas not only have religious importance, but are very important in understanding the life of people during the Vedas period.

The Vedic literature can be divided into three parts that are,

1- Samhita

2- Brahmana

3- upnishad

 

SAMHITA

This comprise of four Vedas, these are

Rigveda,

1- Rigveda have 1,017 hymns and 10 Mandals.

2- The Mandal from 2 to 8 are the oldest while, the first and last Mandal are new in origin, due to difference in there language and nature.

3- The famous Prushukta hymn is in the last Mandal, under which Verna system foundation was laid.

4- Various powers and nature of gods are described here, and the nature is seen as god.

5- About 150 hymns are dedicated to Indra.

Samveda

1- It have about 1810 hymns, also known as book of chats.

2- These hymns are to be used in which ceremony; this all is described in it.

3- But only 75 hymns are totally original.

4- Udyagotri priest are glorified.

5- Under it we find the Aryan were fond of music and art.

 

Yajurveda

1- Book of sacrificial prayers.

2- Have two types (a) Black Yajurveda (b) White Yajurveda.

3- The black is the older one, and it have commentary in prose in addition with text.

4- Procedure are told about performance of sacrifices and there importance.

 

Atharavaved

1- Resembles with Vedas but the nature is different.

2- The spirit of this Veda is full of charm, black magic, devil and demon.

3- This is influenced by the pre Aryan culture, and with there beliefs,

4- It is divided into 20 books.

 

Brhamana

1- There are about only 19 Brahmans are surveved other are lost.

2- The books are full of praise of god, mark transition of Vedic age to Barahmanical society.

3- Explain modus operandi of performing sacrifices.

4- Brahmana are connected with Vedas like, Aitreya Brahamana and Kaushitaki with RigVeda.

5- Under them, the procedure are laid down through whih th enono ryan can be added to their creed.

6- Satpatha Brhmana is connected with Yajurveda, Gopatha on Atharva veda.

7- Every Brahamana have different subject dealing with, but the central ideas are same and connected with each other.

8- Aranyaka

Forest books, these are concluding portion of Brahamanas, guidelines are given about the hermits living in jungle, deals with mysticism and philosophy.

 

Upnishid

1- It literally means “sitting near”.

2- But it means the pupil sitting near the teachers.

3- There are 108 upnishads, written by sages between the 800 BCE to 500 BCE.

4- Prime and oldest are, Brihdayanka upnishad, Kena Upnishad, Chandogaya Upnishad, Aitreya Upnishad.

5- Under the this concepts like, the god is my Soul “Tat Tavam Asi” are presented.

6- Believes in transmigration of soul.

7- The story like of Janka and Nachiketa in Kathaka upnishad are famous one.

 

 

 

THANKYOU FOR READING OUR ARTICLE, PLZ COMMENT AND SHARE.

REGARDS FROM TEAM IAS KAS J&K.

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