Iron & Steel Industry and it's distribution in World

World distribution of iron and steel industries
Iron and steel industry I regarded as the basis of the industries and mark of human development it is an basic need for the industries. For agriculture or textile industry all machinery and implement are made of iron or steel.  Every developing nation must have iron and steel industry to support its developmental programs. In past England, USA, and now china are progressing , their  development is fuelled by iron and steel industry.  Currently the main producer of iron and steel in the world are chin , Europe, Japan, Germany, India, Russia, USA, and many other nations.
The basic requirement for iron and steel industries are
1- Iron ore and other minerals
2- Coal
3 -Water
4 -Capital
5 -Transport and communication
6 -market
7- Labor
8- Port facilities
PRODUCTION
Before 1970s, most of the steel and iron was produced in USA and Western Europe but now Asia is the power house, especially the Asian tigers (china, Japan, Taiwan, and South Korea). In 1960s under Mao ideology in china iron was produced at homes which was of low quality, by 1980s china liberalized its policies and state own farms , produced in large scale.
In 1990s  Total  Production
 USSR  18.2%
  Japan  15%
 China 12%
 India 3%

Steel production in2016
China 49.6%
Europian union 12%
Japan 6.3%
India 6%
But in 2017 India displaced Japan to 4rth position and became third largest steel producing nation.

DISTRIBUTION
 China
Iron and steel industries are concentrated in the following regions of china
Lower   Yangtze valley, the main centers are Chung king, Hunko, shanghai.
Southern Manchuria, Ashan is the largest steel plant in china and other one is Penshu.
Shanxi region is major contributor to the iron production .

Germany
Ruhr iron and steel area, Saar iron and steel area near Franko German borders.
In 1937 germany established one of the biggest iron and steel producing unite at Salls Gitter . till 1989 due to division of Germany,  the industries where destroyed.
 Japan
Tokyo yokohama  region  the main centers are Hitachi and north Tokyo .
 Osaka Kobe Himeji region in Honshu area the main centers are Osaka , Hobe, sakaye , and Himeji.
Nagoya region about 25% of steel is produced here.
Hokkaido region iron and steel industries. Presence of port is a great help for growth.

 India
 In 1911 the first iron and steel plant (TISCO) was setup in Jamshedpur.
The other major sites are
Durgapur  iron and steel company Raniganj
Burnpur iron nad steel company in Bengal
Vishwarya iron nad steel company mysor
Bhillai iron and steel company

USA
The first iron nad steel plant was established in 1629 at massachuset
 The main regions are follows
Western region, from Colorado  to California
South Appalachian  Alabama, is the main region
 Eastern region it is in newyork, phillidalphia ,  Baltimore are some of the main sites.
  Appalachian region,  penselvenia  and ohayo valley   are its parts , now it is also known  as the rust belt (  as factories are  shut down , due to strong complitions from around the world, iron and steel producing regions).

 Some of the other nations contributing to iron and steel production are Russia , ukrain, southkorea, north korea, Vietnam , south Africa etc.

 IMPORT AND EXPORT OF IRON AND STEEL
 In Export
China 14.4%
Japan 8.2%
Germany 7%
Korea 6% according to 2016 data
 In Import
germany 7.5%
usa 7%
china 5%
    

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