POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT OF INDIA


 “Executive power of state shall be vested in the president” says article 53.

President is a head of union, but a ceremonial head of state, just like the queen in England.
Administrative powers
He is a formal head of the state, every executive action, are done under the name of president of India, every officers of various departments, will work as  subordinate of president, he should be briefed about every action of government.
A president enjoys the power to appoint or remove high dignitaries of state ,
 he appoints Prime Minister  of India , Union Ministers,  the Attorney General of India , the Comptroller  and Auditor General of India,  Judges of Supreme court , High Courts, Governors of the state,  the Finance Commission , UPSC   and Joint Commission  ,  appointment  of  the  Chief of Election Commission is also under his jurisdiction. Officers for Schedule Tribe and Schedule Caste , Commission for notifying schedule areas, Backward Classes, Official Language or Linguistic Minority are directly monitored  by the president.
 While making   various appointments a president consults persons, other than his minister, for example for appointment of judges of supreme court, he take advice from Chief Justice of India article  (124(2), and normally he get consultations and advice from  Council of minister are to be accepted by president, under Article 74(1).
President can remove them, by recommendation of parliament, like Attorney General of India, Ministers, Governor of states, Chairman of PSC (Public service commission), Judges and Election Commissioner.


Military powers

He is supreme commander of all defense forces.
He can declare war or peace, but a De-facto power resides in Indian parliament. 
He also appoints army, navy and air force chiefs. (by recommendation of parliament)

LEGISLATURE POWER

He can summons parliament, he can call joint sitting of both houses, if he find lower house hung house, he can dissolve lower house also. 

After every election, first sitting is addressed by president, where both house member are assembled, and he starts parliament. Art. 85,108.
Appoints any member as Protem-speaker.
He nominates 12 members in Rajyasabha, and if Anglo-Indians are not represented adequately, he appoints two Anglo-Indians  to Loksabha.
Bill become law only when, president gives nod to bill. A president can give his assent to bill or he can keep his assent for the bill or he can return the bill for reconsideration of the parliament although  money bills cant be returned .he can promulgate ordinances when parliament is not working  later these ordinances should be approved by parliament , he even enjoys the right to roll back the ordinance.

DIPLOMATIC POWERS

All international treaties agreements summits  are negotiated   in the name of  president .
Later they are subjected to get node from parliament. President heads India in international summits, forums and he s the one who commands diplomats like ambassadors.

FINANCIAL POWERS


Introducing e money bill in the parliament needs recommendation of president. his recommendation is imperative for  demand of grant. He is member of finance commission  , formed every five years  that consider distribution of revenue between the center and the state.

 JUDICIAL POWERS

Chief justice and judges of supreme court and high court appointed by him .

Supreme court advise him regarding an issue concerning law but that advise is not binding  on the president of India
He is the one who has the authority to pardon reprieve respite suspension remission or commutation  of punishment or court martial, or  death sentence. { under article 72}

EMERGENCY POWERS


He is the authority who proclaims emergency  India , categorized  into  three  type of emergencies , national emergency ( article 352) , president rule ( article 356 and 365) ,   and financial emergency
( article 360)


Shri Pranab Mukherjee,  is  the Current president  of India .
 

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